Tuesday, December 15, 2009

The Ten Qira'aat (for advanced students of the Qur'an)


PDF Chart of the 10 Qira'aat

The Recitation of Ibn Katheer

His full name is Abdullah bin Katheer bin Al-Mutallib Al-Qurayshi and his nickname was Abu Ma’bud. He was the Imam of the people of Mekkah for reciting the Qur’an. He was born in the year 45 Al-Hijara, and knew some of the Sahaaba such as Abu Ayub Al-Ansaari and Anas bin Maalak and others, so he is of the Taabi’een. He read the complete Qur’an to Abdullah Ain As-Saa’ib and was approved by him and others. He was known to be eloquent and fluent in the Arabic language and its usage. Ibn Katheer was known to be have a tranquil disposition and qahhaar. He died in the year 120 Al-Hijara, Rahimahu Allah.

The recitation of Ibn Katheer has two raawees, and , and both of them took the reading from an in between link, not directly from Imam Ibn Katheer himself, but from a mastered reciter who took the reading from Ibn Katheer.

Ahmed bin Abdullah ibn Al-Qaasim bin Naafi’ bin Abee Bazzah, was a teacher of research and verification and the reciter of Makkah and the mua’dhin of the Haram of Mekkah. The reciters of Mekkah at his time learned from him. He was born in the year 170 Al-Hijarah and died 250 Al-Hijarah.

Muhammed bin Abdurrahmaan bin Khalid Al-Makkee, nicknamed Qunbul. The shuyookh of recitation in the Hijaaz area took the Qur’an through him. He was born in the year 195 Al-Hijarah and died 291 Al-Hijarah.

Because there are very few differences between the riwaayah of and , we will give the rules as one. If there is a difference at any time between them in the basic rules, we will indicate so.

1. The Basmalah between two surahs

The recitation of always has a basmalah when the reader is joining the end of one surah with the beginning of the next following surah. The only exception to this would be between surah al-Anfaal and At-Tawbah, since there is no basmalah before surah at-Tawbah.

2.

Ibn Katheer reads in surah Al-Faatihah aayah 4 with no alif in the word .

3. and

* For the riwaayah of only, the word and are read with a , instead of a wherever this is found in the Qur’an. reads them with a .

4. . Lengthening of a dhammah on the plural meem on the end of a word.

The recitation of Ibn Katheer reads with the lengthening of a temporary dhammah put on the plural of two vowel counts on the end of a word, if the first pronounced letter of the next word is voweled. Example words can be found in the following aayah:

(Al-An'am 87)

Ibn Katheer reads with two vowel counts, so the lengthening of the dhammah on the plural is always two vowel counts whether the plural is followed by or not.

If the word ending in the plural is followed by a sukoon, as in:

(Al-i-'Imran 110), there is no lengthening of the dhammah on the .

Click on the link below to hear the Faatihah recited with both riwaayahs of Ibn Katheer, (note the Sheikh repeats aayah 6 and part of 7 to show the difference the two have in the words and .

http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/engblue/audio.php?page=souraview&qid=627&rid=12

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